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How effective and safe is Bt-maize in South Africa?
Submitted: 17 June 2011 | Published: 13 September 2011
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Karl J. Kunert, Plant Science Department, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, South AfricaAbstract
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References
The South African National Biodiversity Institute. Monitoring the environmental impacts of GM maize in South Africa [homepage on the Internet]. c2011 [cited 2011 March 15]. Available from: http://www.sanbi.org
University of California San Diego. Bacillus thuringiensis [homepage on the Internet]. c2011 [cited 2011 May 03]. Available from: http://www.bt.ucsd.edu/how_bt_work.html
Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf). Workshop Proceedings Report: GMOs for African agriculture: Challenges and opportunities. Pretoria: ASSAf; 2010.
Tabashnik BE, Fabrick JA, Henderson S, et al. DNA screening reveals pink bollworm resistance to Bt cotton remains rare after a decade of exposure. J Econ Entomol. 2006;99:1525–1530. doi:10.1603/0022-0493-99.5.1525, PMid:17066779
Tabashnik BE, Gassmann AJ, Crowder DW, Carriére Y. Insect resistance to Bt crops: Evidence versus theory. Nat Biotechnol. 2008;26:199–202. doi:10.1038/nbt1382, PMid:18259177
Chilcutt CF, Tabashnik BE. Contamination of refuges by Bacillus thuringiensis toxin genes from transgenic maize. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004;101:7526–7529. doi:10.1073/pnas.0400546101, PMid:15136739, PMid:419639
Martins CM, Beyene G, Hofs J-L, et al. Effect of water deficit stress on cotton plants expressing the Bt-toxin. Ann Appl Biol. 2008;152:255–262. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.2007.00214.x
Brousseau R, Masson L, Hegedus D. Insecticidal transgenic plants: Are they irresistible? AgBiotechNet. 1999;1:ABN 022
Cellini F, Chesson A, Colquhoun I, et al. Unintended effects and their detection in genetically modified crops. Food Chem Toxicol. 2004;42:1089–1125. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2004.02.003, PMid:15123383
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