Research Letters

Molecular phylogeny of Duvenhage virus

Charmaine van Eeden, Wanda Markotter, Louis H. Nel
South African Journal of Science | Vol 107, No 11/12 | a177 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajs.v107i11/12.177 | © 2011 Charmaine van Eeden, Wanda Markotter, Louis H. Nel | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 29 March 2010 | Published: 14 October 2011

About the author(s)

Charmaine van Eeden, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa
Wanda Markotter, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa
Louis H. Nel, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa

Abstract

The Duvenhage virus (DUVV) constitutes one of the 11 species in the Lyssavirus genus and causes fatal rabies encephalitis. The virus is associated with insectivorous bat species and three human cases have been reported, all of which were linked to contact with bats. Few of these isolates have been studied and thus little is known about the phylogeny and epidemiology of this lyssavirus. Until 2007, when an isolate was made from the East African country of Kenya, all isolations of this virus had been from southern Africa. This discovery led to many questions regarding the spread and diversity of this lyssavirus. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the DUVV isolates constitute two different lineages, in which the southern African isolates group together to form one lineage and the more recent isolate from Kenya constitutes a new, second lineage. We found that the new isolate has a genetic variation that has not yet been seen for DUVV. Not only is our lack of knowledge regarding the geographical distribution of this uniquely African virus emphasised, but we have also demonstrated the potential diversity within this genotype.

Keywords

Duvenhage virus; South Africa; bats; humans; lyssavirus

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